Abstract: In the report, the fractal theory and method were used and the empirical study on the scale and spatial correlation of the urban system of Hainan was performed. The results indicated that the structure of the urban system of Hainan province is not perfect, the grade is low, and which is still in the lower stage; The scale structure of urban system of Hainan is relatively loose, and the degree of population distribution is quite different; The spatial relations of cities and towns are not close enough, the spatial interaction is not strong, however, the correlation dimension D of Hainan is close to 1, and the spatial dispersion degree is not high; The correlation degree between cities and towns is higher, and the traffic advantages are obvious; The construction of international tourism island improved the urban system of Hainan. On the basis of it, some suggestions on optimizing the urban system of Hainan were put forward.