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海南畜禽粪中四环素类和大环内酯类抗生素的含量及其分布特征

Distribution Characteristic of Tetracycline and Macrolide Antibiotics Contents in Swine and Chook Manures of Hainan Province

  • 摘要: 利用超声波提取-固相萃取高效液相色谱法测定了海南省不同地区典型养殖场鸡/猪粪便中2种四环素类(TCs)和2种大环内酯类(MLs)抗生素的含量与分布特征.结果表明:四环素类化合物的平均总含量和检出率均高于大环内酯类化合物的平均总含量和检出率.在猪粪中,四环素类化合物的总含量在0~8 460.8 μg·kg-1之间,平均为385.4 μg·kg-1,检出率最低为53.2%,以土霉素为主;而大环内酯类化合物的总含量在0~1 052.8 μg·kg-1之间,平均为46.9 μg·kg-1,检出率最低为25.9%,以泰乐菌素为主.在鸡粪中,四环素类化合物的总含量在0~2 839.3 μg·kg-1之间,平均为159.3 μg·kg-1,检出率最低为57.1%,以金霉素为主;而大环内酯类化合物的总含量在0~845.2 μg·kg-1之间,平均为28.1 μg·kg-1,检出率最低为14.3%,以北里霉素为主.在猪粪和鸡粪中两类化合物的分布特征存在差异,猪粪中两类抗生素的总含量均较高的地区为琼海市和临高县,鸡粪中两类抗生素的总含量均较高的地区为儋州市和琼海市.

     

    Abstract: In the report, solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were performed to detect the occurrence and distribution of two tetracyclines and two macrolides in swine and chook feces sampled from large scale feeding operations in different areas of Hainan province. The results indicated that the average content and detection rate of tetracyclines compounds were higher than that of macrolides. The total concentrations of tetracyclines ranged from 0 μg·kg-1 to 8 460.8 μg·kg-1 (F. W.) with an average of 385.4 μg·kg-1, the lowest detection rate was 53.2% in all swine dung samples. The dominant compounds in swine manures were oxytetracycline. The total concentrations of macrolides ranged from 0 μg·kg-1 to 1 052.8 μg·kg-1 (F. W.) with an average of 46.9 μg·kg-1, the lowest detection rate was 25.9% in all swine dung samples. The dominant compound in swine manures was tylosin. The total concentrations of tetracyclines ranged from 0 μg·kg-1 to 2 839.3 μg·kg-1 (F. W.) with an average of 159.3 μg·kg-1, the lowest detection rate was 57.1%. The dominant compound in chook manures was aureomycin. And macrolides ranged from 0 μg·kg-1 to 845.2 μg·kg-1 (F. W.) with an average of 28.1 μg·kg-1, the lowest detection rate was 14.3% in all chook dung samples. The dominant compound in chook manures was kitasamycine. There were significant differences among the distribution characteristics of both compounds in swine and chook dungs, the amounts of two kinds of antibiotics in swine dungs from Qionghai and Lingao were higher than that of other places in Hainan, the amounts of two kinds of antibiotics in chook dungs from Danzhou and Qionghai were higher than that of other places in Hainan.

     

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