Abstract: To explore the expression of HSP72 after differential exercise intensity and exercise volume, 44 SD rats were divided into five groups: control group（n=8）, moderate training group（n=8）, high intensity training group（n=8）, moderate volume group（n=8） and high volume group（n=8）. Rats were sacrificed after 8 week treadmill training and the serum creatine kinase（CK） activity, wet weight of soleus and gastrocnemius muscles and expression of HSP72. The results showed The CK of four training groups was significant higher than control group after 8 week training, the wet weight of soleus and gasgrocnemius muscle differently changes, and the volume training group was highest. the expression of HSP72 of high intensity training group was significant higher than that of the other training groups. High-intensity exercise can cause excessive HSP72 expression in the gastrocnemius, particularly in the white muscle fiber, which indicated that there are a self-protection mechanism in skeletal muscle. Abnormal HSP72 expression different types in skeletal muscle was earlier than ability to adapt to the changes, suggesting that skeletal muscle movement adapt ability and the expression of HSP72.