Abstract:
In wave conditions, wave motion and breaking change the air-sea interface. However, the classic logarithmic wind profile model assumes a still sea surface, and does not clearly define how to determine friction velocity and roughness length, making it hard to calculate offshore wind fields accurately. Based on the Charnock model, this article develops a high-accuracy CFD numerical wave tank to perform combined wind-wave simulations under multiple conditions. It investigates the effects of waves on wind fields at offshore engineering sites and establishes a corrected logarithmic mean wind profile model for offshore conditions. The results show that: compared with measured data, the wind profile correction method based on the Charnock coefficient has an accuracy of over 88%. The sea surface roughness length is expanded from a fixed standard value (0.002) to a dynamic value that changes with reference wind speed (
0.00023 to
0.00589). Near-surface wind speed fluctuations are mainly driven by wave conditions, with the same fluctuation period as the waves. Wave disturbance to the wind field is limited to a certain height near the water surface; when wave height is no more than 4 m, wave effects can be completely ignored in areas more than 24 m above the water surface.