Abstract: To solve the problem of poor corrosion resistance in steel tube confined concrete, a new structural form termed aluminum alloy tube confined concrete (AATCC) has been developed. This innovation uses aluminum alloy tubes, which are known for their excellent mechanical properties and superior corrosion resistance, to replace steel tubes for confining concrete. With concrete strength (33.3, 48.7, and 66.8 MPa) as the influencing factor, three AATCC short columns with a slenderness ratio of 3 were designed and subjected to axial compression tests. The test results indicate that the failure modes of AATCC short columns exhibited shear failure characteristics, along with favorable deformation capacity and high load-bearing performance. The enhancement factor relative to the bearing capacity of plain concrete axial compression short columns increased with the confinement effect coefficient but decreased with higher concrete strength. Existing formulas for predicting the axial load bearing capacity of confined concrete were compared to evaluate their applicability to AATCC short columns.